教师道德讲堂演讲稿 本文关键词：讲堂，演讲稿，道德，教师
教师道德讲堂演讲稿 本文简介：à?ê|???￠í????￡oé???o?￡??ú±???ú?′???áê????ê￡?°′??êD???÷°ì?￠êD?ìóy???°??°ó?ìóy??μ?í3ò?2?êe￡??òD￡?°μàμ??2ì??±?yê??aê???×a?￡?D￡μàμ??2ì?ê??aá?1á31??êμ?D
教师道德讲堂演讲稿 本文内容：
à?ê|???￠í????￡oé???o?￡?
?ú±???ú?′???áê????ê￡?°′??êD???÷°ì?￠êD?ìóy???°??°ó?ìóy??μ?í3ò?2?êe￡??òD￡?°μàμ??2ì??±?yê??aê???×a?￡?D￡μàμ??2ì?ê??aá?1á31??êμ?D12?D??1ú???o??1???μàμ??¨éèêμê??ùòa?·oí??1?óú??ò?2??ó??oí?????′3é?êè?μàμ??¨éèμ?è??éòa???·???aéèμ??￡?òD￡μàμ??2ì?μ??¨éè???a?ìê|μ?ê|μ??¨éè?￠?éúμ??????·μ??¨éèìá1??èì¨?￡?ò????°?μàμ??2ì?ìá3?μ??°?ú?ò?D?a3¤±2??D￠D?￡??ú?D￡?aí???í1?D?￡??úé??á?a??è??×°?D??±μ??÷μ?????ó??òD￡μ?D￡?μóD?úμ??áo??eà′￡?è?í?????ú3é3¤μ?àú3ì?D￡?μì?¨o?×?ò???o???1???μ??ù′??￡
μàμ?ê?é??áéú???Dè????à′|μ?DD?a±ê×?oí1?·??￡μàμ?ò2ê?×?è?μ??ù±?￡???óDμàμ?2??üê1è???μ?óD???μ￡?é??á2??á?ü?óoíD3?￡
?D￡ê??áêé??°μ?μ?·?￡??üê??à??μàμ??￠ìáéy??è?DT??μ?μ?·?￡??D￡μ?μ?óy1¤×÷?íê?òa?à??í??????éDμ?μàμ??·?ê￡??aè?éúμì?ù?￠?a??à′ì¤é?é??á×÷o?×?±??￡′ó?ò?èòaD??3′ó??￡?ó?òa??ì¤êμμ?￡?′óéí±?μ?ò?μ?ò?μ?×??e￡??°?eò?é?D???2??a￡??eò???D????a???￡?±
?ò??????è?ó|??×?μ?￡o?°?ú?ò?D?a3¤±2??D￠D?￡??ú?D￡?aí???í1?D?￡??úé??á?a??è??×°?D??±?￡òa′óà?μ??????μ1y?a?ùò????°￡oò????aê?2???è?μ?è??éò?ó?μàμ?à′21?è￡???ò???μàμ?2???è?μ?è?è′??ò?ó??aê?è￥??21?￡?ò????ìì?Y?ò2???μàμ?oí?aê??-?ü??òa￡?μ??ò?àD?￡??ò??μ?×?1úoí??×?×?Dèòaμ?μàê|μàμ???éDμ??aê????￡μàμ?ê?ò???è???éúò2é?2?íêμ?è?éú?????￡×?ò???óDμàμ?μ?è?￡?ó|′óéí±?D?ê?×??e?￡1?D?±eè?￡?ì?á?±eè?￡???è?oí°??¤??è??￡
′o??ê±?úμ??ìóy?ò?××ó?μ￡oìì??óDμà￡??ò2?ó?ò×ò2?￡′óμ?ìì??￡?D?μ???è?￡?×·?óàí??μ?è???￡?êüèè??2?ê′óà?￡???á|×?ò???óDμàμ?DT??μ?è??￡í????￡???òa3é?aò???μàμ???éDμ??éú￡??òè??aê×?è′ó?ù±?μ?D?ê?×??e?￡±èè??μ￡??ú?òà???àíà?á?ò?ììμ?°?°??è?è?Yé?ò?±-èè2è￡?íí·1oó?÷?ˉê?ê°í??ê￡??ú?D￡à??ò??í??ü???eò???·???D?￡???μ?à?ê|?÷?ˉ?êo?￡?2?D?D?ó?í??·￠éúD?μ???×2ê±￡??÷?ˉμà??￡?3?3μê±?÷?ˉ??à?è?2?2Dè?×ù￡??μ???÷μ??°￡?×????÷μ?ê??￡?ò?àD?￡???òa?ò???ü1?1?′ó?aD?D?ê?×??e￡????′?ò????×?ò??tê??é￡??ò??μ?μàμ??????í?áμ?μ?ò?′?éy?a?￡
í????￡??????ú??á|??°???ˉ?aê?μ?í?ê±￡??1òa?÷°××??o?úμàμ?é??ù???oμ?é?ê￥ê1?ü?￡è??ò??′ó??ìì?aê?￡?′ó???ú?aê?￡?′ó×??o?aê?￡?×???μ?×?μàμ??¨éèμ?D?′???￡?êμ?ù??oío′?à??￡?3é?aò???óD??éDμàμ?μ?è??￡
?D?a??×?ê?ò???óD×?ó???àúê·?￠2óà????ˉ?￠′?í3?àμ?μ???×?￡?
?D?a??×?μ?ê?′ó′?í3?àμ?ê?￡o???o·?1??￠?￠?￠3?D??a±¨?￠???ò±¨1ú?￠?￠ó?êμ?ío??￠ó?ò?á|DD?￡
?￠??à???ò??￠??ò???′?í3?àμ???óD?üμ?à′àú
?°èê°?D￠???±
??????1???μ?ò???oí×??ù±?μ?μàμ?òa?ó?￡
?°o?à??±
￡?
′ó??ê??°??oío?à??±μ??￡
3?D??a±¨
?íê???DD?à·??￠?￠?￠×?ê??μ???￠′yè?3??ò?￡?°D??±à′á??·μ?1êê?±?′ó?òêì?a￡?è?1?????·??òμ?o￠×ó2?ê?òò?aò?ê±ì°í??￠2?3?êμ?￠???-á?ò?′?ó?ò?′?￡?òaμ??￡
￡?￡?3?êμê?oü??
￡??μμ??íê?è?òa?D?÷?￠òa?a?÷í?±¨μ?μààí?￡?ò??μ?×??è?úí?3??D?÷μ?í?ê±￡?ò2ê?·?
￡?
??μàμ?
μ?°y??oí???¨?￡è???±eóú?ˉ??μ?ò???·????í?úóúè?óD?D?éóDμàμ?óD?D?÷???éóD?yò???D??￡??êμ￡??′±?ê??ˉ??￡??á?òéD1òèé?￠?ú???1·′2?￡?o????ò??×÷?aíò????áé3¤μ?è?àà??￡?
￡?
￡?￡??D?¤éúóy??μ?è?￡?
￡?￡?￡?é??á???ò??óD1?°????÷￡?￡?è?è???ó|3￡?3?D?÷￡??D?¤?ìóy??μ?è?￡?￡?3￡DD?D?÷???ù?￡
￡o?°?ò?±?′?a?òóú1ú?ò?￡±¨1ú?′?a±¨D×?1ú?￡àúê·é?óDoü?à￡?ò??°￡?ê??D?a??×?￡??ò??òa?ì3D°?1ú?÷ò?￡?
￡???è?éúàí??oí??×?1úμ????è
￡??°ò?èè°?×?1ú?aèù￡?
￡o3ü?±
?￡×?￡??°·?1??±?íê?·t′óóú??
ì??￡?aá?1ú?òμ?à?ò?￡??éò??téü×??oμ?à?ò??￡??è?à?ò?·tòa′ó?ˉì?à?ò??￡1?óD′óóí????èy1y?ò????2?è?￡?oóóD·??ù?í
￡??aD???ê?1?′úè?????ò?·?1?μ?×?o?ú1êí?￡
￡o￡??ó??DT??oí×???D?￡?
￡?óD???èμ?×???D??￡?ó??×??òDT??×?1??ü
μ?ê??°é÷?à?±?￡
á??òDì?ú?ó?ùDü1òò?·ùD???μ??Dì?é?êé?°é÷?à?±?t×?￡?ò??ˉD??￠??à?×??o?￡íí????3???1ú·a?úò????Dμúò?ì??μμ?μ??íê??°é÷?à?±?￡?é??é÷?à?ú1?è?D????Dμ?μ???ê?è?′??????úé?ò??°?ü?úéú???Dμ?×÷ó?ê?è?′?μ???′ó?￡
??à???ò?￡o
μ?μ???òa?úèY?￡??×?ì?ì?μ??-??á÷ê?μ??ü?-oíá??òDìμ??°1?à?1ú?òéú?àò?￡?
?ú?óá??t￡o?′?úàí?ú?ó?￠???÷?y?±?￡±±??μ?°ü?ü?￠?÷3ˉμ?o￡??￡?
￡????ì?aè°?üê?ì?D?èo?ú′ó????ìì?°
??
3?×ó2??áóD?ù×÷?a￡?2￠±?
oóè?à????￡
￡o
2??ü3é?aò???±?oóè?3??Tμ??÷?y?￡
￡o￡?
?°á|DD?±?°ìáμ??￡
í????￡?μàμ??2ì?ê?ò?????D?μ??ìóy?￡ê??￡?ò????°??òD￡??óDμ?μ?óy?ìóyD?ê?ó?μàμ??2ì?óD?úμ??áo??eà′￡??a?1D?ê??à?ùμ?μàμ??2ì????ˉ￡???á|?a′′oí′ò?ìêêo??òD￡μ??￡ê?oí?·??￡?′óD?ê?oí?úèYé????ü?eμ?′ù??í???????μ3é3¤oí·￠?1￡?′ù???ìê|μ????μ·￠?1oí??2?￡?×???′?μ?′ù???D￡?ìóy?ì??êá?μ?ìá??oí??2??￡?a?t￡o?ìê|μàμ??2ì??Y?2????3é3¤μ?×??￡
?·
3é3¤μ?×??￡
???33??D￡oá?2¨
ê±??1yμ?oü?ì￡?×a????￡?′óê??ìê|?a???°òμò??-14?êá?￡??aò??·×?à′￡?′ó??2??ó1¤×÷μ??¤?é?ì?è￡?μ??Dí?μ?à?ó???￡￡??ùμ?oóà′μ?3éêìàí??￡??ò′ó3?é?êàμà￡?2???è??éêà1ê￡?μ??á?é3é?òéú×ó￡??ùμ????úD?o￠×?±??aê?é?D???￡?a???D??è?oüDá?à￡?μ??ò?Dêüμ??ü?àμ?ê?Dà?2￡??ìà?oíDò?￡?￡
oí??ìì?ú3?μ?Dí?àà?ê|ò??ù￡??òê????3è??￡éúóú?1￡?3¤óú?1￡??àoóò2?á??ò?1é?ùóú′??￡ìò?¨oóoó??×ìèó×??òμ?3é3¤￡??????·???¤×??òó×?êμ?ê±1a?￡?ú?aà?￡??òé?íêD??￡??D?￡??ùμ?èyì¨???áíêê|·?￡??ù·???μ?????3??Dè??ì￡?ó???μ????33??D?￡??è??μo??D?ù???ú??·?￡?μ??òò2?a?òμ??-àúoí???ú?Dμ???°áoí?ú×??￡??è??μ?ìê|?a???°òμ????2??à￡?μ?×??oμ????????úéí±?￡???ìì???üoí????ò??e?????￠3?·1?￠á?ìì￡??à?￥??ó|￡??ò???aê??ùóD????μ?D???￡??a×ü±è3￡?ê±?2¨?úía?T??oí?×è?í???μ?è???°??￡
?ò??????è????ê?á1y￡?????è????-???′à′3??ú×?????￡?????è?D??D??óD?ò′ó?òD?μ?????￡?ò2Dí?a??????ó?×??o???úμ??°òμ?T1?￡?μ?ê?è???òa??1éμ???êμ?Dà′￡??°???-?úó?ó?°μ°μ·′·′?′?′?D×·?ê￡?2??aμà????μ-μ-′ó′óèYèY2?ê????±￡???μ-′óèY?a?íê??òè?éúμ?×??ò￡?′ó???-μ????￡???ê?D×?3?à′￡?è?D??é???2￡?ר×￠óú???ú￡?ר×￠óú×??oμ??°òμ?￡??óú????￡??òê????àD?à??Do￠?μ1yμ?￡o?????a?????÷￡??ü2??á??×??êá?μ????óíêé?￡?·′???á?ü?ó??×???1ó?￡
?ü??μ????33??Dè??ì￡???óú?òà′?μê?ò???Dò???￡?ú?a???°?ò???-éè??1y￡??a?′?à?ê1yè￥á?￡??D??òàè?è?D??￡òò?a?aà?óD?òêì?¤μ??ìêò￡?oú°?￡???×à￡?òò?a?aà?óD?ì???ò?aê?￡??ìóy?ò3é3¤μ??÷ê|￡oà????÷è?￡?1?°???D￡3¤￡????yD￡3¤￡?D?è′?aà?ê|￡?á????à?ê|￡?D?D??????￡òò?a?aà?óD?ò12ò?ò?oó??3é3¤μ??ò??è??￡
???ê????·Y?a?μúò???μ?ê±oò￡??ò×ü?á???éú?μμà￡oí????￡???è??òoí????2?è?ê?￡??òoí????μ??ò3¤ò22?è?ê?￡?μ?ê??òμ?????3¤±2oí????μ?????3¤±2ò??¨è?ê??￡×??aê??ìêéμ?ê±oò￡??ò??×??oμ??¨??ê?￡o?òóD?é?ü?12?ê?ò???o?à?ê|￡?μ??ò?éò??è??á|×?ò???o?è??￡μ±?éú??è?á??òμ?°à??￡??ò??????D?3éá?ê|éú1??μ￡??ò?íó|?????éú?o?e￡?è??????ú?D￡à?3?±￥′??ˉ;è??????úè?éúμ?1??üê±?ú??á×?è?μ?μààí￡?íú?ò??°é?μ??±?ü￡?è??????ú?D￡à????μ?￠?y???￠?ìà?μ???°éú???￡??óêá?￡????????í?íé?￡??μ??á?￡???????ìíìíò?￡?í··￠êaá?￡?è?????ó?μ?′μ·?′μ?é￡?éú2?á?￡??à?ê?ê?￡í¨1y?a?ù×?￡?à-?ü?ìê|oí?éúμ??àà?￡?è??????Dêüμ?à?ê|?????????yμ?1?D?￡??a???????ú????·???????òa?óìá1??à?￥àí?aμ?±￡???￡?òò??±è??a￡???ê|2?ò??¨3???í?￡?μ?ò???òa?óo?àí????μ??￠?o?eè?μ?à?ê|ê??éúè??é?êò?oó???yàí?aoí?DD?μ??￡?a?′?à?ê￡?′ó×??aê??ìoí×??o?êá?2?2??àμ??éú￡?μ????ú?ì?òoí?????????êá?2?2??àμ??éú￡???óD?éú￡?2?ê??ò?????yμ?3é?¨?￡
???33??Dê?ò?????ü°oíD3μ?′ó?òí￥￡?ò2ê?ò???2?áú???￠μ?μ?·?￡??òoüèùDòóDò?èoê|μ???éD￡?òμ??????￡???3?′yè?￡?ó??ìo?×÷μ?í?ê??￡′óá????à?ê|?￠??????à?ê|éíé??ò?μ?á???ê??êè?ò?è?￡??????T??μ?
?á3?￡?′óD?è′?aà?ê|?￠?o1úó￠à?ê|éíé??ò?μ?á?°??ú?′òμ￡??ì????÷μ????ì??è￡?′óo?3é?üà?ê|?￠ì?ì?à?ê|éíé??ò?Dêüμ?á??ì?à×ê?D￡??y???òé?μ???è???é?￡?′ó2ü3éà?ê|?￠??éˉà?ê|éíé??ò?Dêüμ?á?3ˉ????2aμ??à′o??á|?￡?yê?óDá??a?′?àáìμ?μ?1?D?D?è?￡?í?ê???μ?èè?é°??ú￡??a???ê?D￡??ò2??üè?μ?????èü??μ?ì?μè?±?￠????ó?D?°à?ˉì??￠?ì???o?ó?D?μè3é?¨?￡
?ìê|ê?ò?????·2μ??°òμ￡??ú??·2μ??ú??é?è????á3??￠??3?￡?±?éíò2ê?ò???2???·2?￡?°?ìóyo?ò????éú?￠′??ˉò????òí￥?￠???÷????é??á?￡?±?ìêéê?óà?ê￡??òé??a￡??ò???y′|?ú?ìê|éú??μ????e?×??￡??ò?á?ìD??ú?ìóyμ?μà?·é?￡?ó?D?è￥ì??á?￠ó?°?è￥?ìμ??￠ó?DD?ˉè￥êμ?ù?￡?aèy￡oμàμ??2ì?·￠????_____à?ê|??
à?ê|???￠í????￡oé???o?￡?
?D￡μàμ??2ì?ê??aá?1á31??êμ?D12?D??1ú???o??1???μàμ??¨éèêμê??ùòa?·oí??1?óú??ò?2??ó??oí?????′3é?êè?μàμ??¨éèμ?è??éòa???·???aéèμ??￡?òD￡μàμ??2ì?μ??¨éè???a?ìê|μ?ê|μ??¨éè?￠?éúμ??????·μ??¨éèìá1??èì¨?￡?ò????°?μàμ??2ì?ìá3?μ??°?ú?ò?D?a3¤±2??D￠D?￡??ú?D￡?aí???í1?D?￡??úé??á?a??è??×°?D??±μ??÷μ?????ó??òD￡μ?D￡?μóD?úμ??áo??eà′￡?è?í?????ú3é3¤μ?àú3ì?D￡?μì?¨o?×?ò???o???1???μ??ù′??￡
μàμ?ê?é??áéú???Dè????à′|μ?DD?a±ê×?oí1?·??￡μàμ?ò2ê?×?è?μ??ù±?￡???óDμàμ?2??üê1è???μ?óD???μ￡?é??á2??á?ü?óoíD3?￡
?D￡ê??áêé??°μ?μ?·?￡??üê??à??μàμ??￠ìáéy??è?DT??μ?μ?·?￡??D￡μ?μ?óy1¤×÷?íê?òa?à??í??????éDμ?μàμ??·?ê￡??aè?éúμì?ù?￠?a??à′ì¤é?é??á×÷o?×?±??￡′ó?ò?èòaD??3′ó??￡?ó?òa??ì¤êμμ?￡?′óéí±?μ?ò?μ?ò?μ?×??e￡??°?eò?é?D???2??a￡??eò???D????a???￡?±
?ò??????è?ó|??×?μ?￡o?°?ú?ò?D?a3¤±2??D￠D?￡??ú?D￡?aí???í1?D?￡??úé??á?a??è??×°?D??±?￡òa′óà?μ??????μ1y?a?ùò????°￡oò????aê?2???è?μ?è??éò?ó?μàμ?à′21?è￡???ò???μàμ?2???è?μ?è?è′??ò?ó??aê?è￥??21?￡?ò????ìì?Y?ò2???μàμ?oí?aê??-?ü??òa￡?μ??ò?àD?￡??ò??μ?×?1úoí??×?×?Dèòaμ?μàê|μàμ???éDμ??aê????￡μàμ?ê?ò???è???éúò2é?2?íêμ?è?éú?????￡×?ò???óDμàμ?μ?è?￡?ó|′óéí±?D?ê?×??e?￡1?D?±eè?￡?ì?á?±eè?￡???è?oí°??¤??è??￡
′o??ê±?úμ??ìóy?ò?××ó?μ￡oìì??óDμà￡??ò2?ó?ò×ò2?￡′óμ?ìì??￡?D?μ???è?￡?×·?óàí??μ?è???￡?êüèè??2?ê′óà?￡???á|×?ò???óDμàμ?DT??μ?è??￡
í????￡???òa3é?aò???μàμ???éDμ??éú￡??òè??aê×?è′ó?ù±?μ?D?ê?×??e?￡±èè??μ￡??ú?òà???àíà?á?ò?ììμ?°?°??è?è?Yé?ò?±-èè2è￡?íí·1oó?÷?ˉê?ê°í??ê￡??ú?D￡à??ò??í??ü???eò???·???D?￡???μ?à?ê|?÷?ˉ?êo?￡?2?D?D?ó?í??·￠éúD?μ???×2ê±￡??÷?ˉμà??￡?3?3μê±?÷?ˉ??à?è?2?2Dè?×ù￡??μ???÷μ??°￡?×????÷μ?ê??￡?ò?àD?￡???òa?ò???ü1?1?′ó?aD?D?ê?×??e￡????′?ò????×?ò??tê??é￡??ò??μ?μàμ??????í?áμ?μ?ò?′?éy?a?￡
í????￡??????ú??á|??°???ˉ?aê?μ?í?ê±￡??1òa?÷°××??o?úμàμ?é??ù???oμ?é?ê￥ê1?ü?￡è??ò??′ó??ìì?aê?￡?′ó???ú?aê?￡?′ó×??o?aê?￡?×???μ?×?μàμ??¨éèμ?D?′???￡?êμ?ù??oío′?à??￡?3é?aò???óD??éDμàμ?μ?è??￡
?D?a??×?ê?ò???óD×?ó???àúê·?￠2óà????ˉ?￠′?í3?àμ?μ???×?￡??D?a??
×?μ?ê?′ó′?í3?àμ?ê?￡o
??ò???′?í3?àμ???óD?üμ?à′àú
?°èê°?D￠???±??êμ?íê?×e??3¤???￠D￠?′?????￡è?éúóúêà3¤óúêà?′óú?????￡D￠?′????×e?′3¤±2ê?×?è?μ?±?·?ê?ìì?-μ?ò?μ??àμ?ê??ò??????1???μ?ò???oí×??ù±?μ?μàμ?òa?ó?￡
?aóDà?×￠??à?ò??￡?D1úè?×?1??í??μ??°?ú?a?e??êüò??±μ?μààí?￡?D1úàúê·é?ò2óDDí?à1êê?è??°???àoí?±?￠á?±?èy1?????μè??ê?ò???μ??a?÷ìa?￡?D1úàúê·é?·2ê?óD′ó3é?í±?è?3??ìμ?è?′ó??ê??°??oío?à??±μ??￡
?íê???DD?à·??￠??±?1??￠?μμ?×?μ??￠×?ê??μ???￠ê?D?ó??￠?2D?ót?￡??à?à′á??·
μ?1êê?±?′ó?òêì?a￡?è?1?????·??òμ?o￠×ó2?ê?òò?aò?ê±ì°í??￠2?3?êμ?￠??±¨?±?íê??a?÷±?±¨?￡?°í??òò?ìò±¨??ò?à??±?°μ??????÷ó?èa?౨?±?°???·?á2Yò??÷±¨μ??±?°?-??′?2YD?±¨μ?èy′oêí?±?°?-?a?ì?D2íá￡á￡??Dá?à?±?aD?1??μ′?3D??ê?￠àú????D?￡??μμ??íê?è?òa?D?÷?￠òa?a?÷í?±¨μ?μààí?￡?ò??μ?×??è?úí?3??D?÷μ?í?ê±￡?ò2ê?·??′?eíü?÷?oò???í?￡?±èè??????μ?°è????o?÷2?è??Y???±?°?a?÷2?±¨·??y×óíò1????×÷?????±?￡?D?÷ê?×?è?μ?ò????e??μàμ?ò2ê???μàμ?μ?°y??oí???¨?￡è???±eóú?ˉ??μ?ò???·????í?úóúè?óD?D?éóD
μàμ?óD?D?÷???éóD?yò???D??￡??êμ￡??′±?ê??ˉ??￡??á?òéD1òèé?￠?ú???1·′
???ò??óD?ìóy???÷￡?×é?ˉ???ò??óD?aó????÷￡?é??á???ò??óD1?°????÷￡?×??÷??D?￡??D?¤éúóy??μ?è?￡??D?¤?????μ?è?￡??D?¤?ìóy??μ?è?￡??D?¤1??3??μ?è?￡??D?¤°??ú??μ?è??￡3￡?3?D?÷??D?￡?3￡DD?D?÷???ù?￡
′ó????ê????ò±¨1úμ?μ?·??￡??è??1?e?????à·é?￠?1ùá?????Y?ì1a￡?ò??°ê??′±|μoì¨í?μ??￡3é1|?￡°?1ú?÷ò?ê??D?a??×?μ?ó?á?′?í3￡?ê??D?a??×?éúéú2??￠?￠×?á￠óúêà????×???á?μ???′ó??é??ˉá|￡??ò??òa?ì3D°?1ú?÷ò?μ?ó?á?′?í3￡?o?????×???é?oíê±′ú??é?￡???è?éúàí??oí??×?1úμ????è?eè??D?￠ê1?ü?D?áo??eà′￡??°ò?èè°?×?1ú?aèù￡?ò??￡o|×?1ú?a3ü?±?￡×?ò???D?ê±?ú?á?¨μ?°?1ú???￡
?aá?1ú?òμ?à?ò?￡??éò??téü×??oμ?à?ò??￡??è?à?ò?·tòa′ó?ˉì?à?ò??￡1?óD′óóí????èy1y?ò????2?è?￡?oóóD·??ù?í?°?èìì????ó???ó?oóìì????à???à??±￡??aD???ê?1?′úè?????ò?·?1?μ?×?o?ú1êí?￡
?íê??ú×??ò?à′|ê±òa??óú?éò?￡?óD???èμ?×???D??￡?ó??×??òDT??×?1??üμ?ê??°é÷?à?±?￡á??òDì?ú?ó?ùDü1òò?·ùD???μ??Dì?é?êé?°é÷?à?±?t×?￡?ò??ˉD??￠??à?×??o?￡íí????3???1ú·a?úò????Dμúò?ì??μμ?μ??íê??°é÷?à?±?￡?é??é÷?à?ú1?è?D????Dμ?μ???ê?è?′??????úé?ò??°?ü?úéú???Dμ?×÷ó?ê?è?′?μ???′ó?￡
??à???ò?￡o?°ò??±??ò????yò??￡×?1?ò?à′?°éáéíè?ò??±ê??D?a′?í3?àμ?μ???òa?úèY?￡??×?ì?ì?μ??-??á÷ê?μ??ü?-oíá??òDìμ??°1?à?1ú?òéú?àò?￡???òò???￡±ü?÷???±ò??°??ìì?éμ??°è?éú×?1??-?T?àá?è?μ¤D???o1?à?±??ú1êíá??°éáéúè?ò??à???To??±μ?è?éúì??è?￡
?ú?óá??t￡o?′?úàí?ú?ó?￠???÷?y?±?￡±±??μ?°ü?ü?￠?÷3ˉμ?o￡??￡??a1ù???yá??÷?￡°×?óò×???-′òDD??è?￡????ì?aè°?üê?ì?D?èo?ú′ó????ìì?°??2?ò?ìà?±2??ì??à?·??￡??óD?a?ùμ??y?÷?a?ùμ?3?×ó2??áóD?ù×÷?a￡?2￠±?oóè?à????￡
?°?ío??±?′?a′yè??íoê′óá??￡à?êà??2???ò?ê·?a???1?ío?′yè??ùò???2??ü3é?aò???±?oóè?3??Tμ??÷?y?￡
?íê?éíì?á|DD?￡?°èy?ü?éò??á??￥·ò2??éò??á???±?°??1ó2??üòù???ú2??üò?
ít??2??ü?ü?±μ??°′ó?é·ò?±è????a??ê?ò??áò??￠ó?ò??a?ù′?oí?°ìáμ??￡
í????￡?μàμ??2ì?ê?ò?????D?μ??ìóy?￡ê??￡?ò????°??òD￡??óDμ?μ?óy?ìóyD?ê?ó?μàμ??2ì?óD?úμ??áo??eà′￡??a?1D?ê??à?ùμ?μàμ??2ì????ˉ￡???á|?a′′oí′ò?ìêêo??òD￡μ??￡ê?oí?·??￡?′óD?ê?oí?úèYé????ü?eμ?′ù??í???????μ3é3¤oí·￠?1￡?′ù???ìê|μ????μ·￠?1oí??2?￡?×???′?μ?′ù???D￡?ìóy?ì??êá?μ?ìá??oí??2??￡?a??￡oμàμ??2ì??2??4￡o?ìê|?°òμμàμ?
μàμ??2ì??2??4
?ìê|?°òμμàμ?
?ìê|￡?ê???í¨1y?ìóy???ˉ?aé??á?òò??¨?×???à??o???è?2?￡?ò??ú×?é??á??è?2?μ?Dèòa???aé??á·t??μ?è??￡
?°òμ￡??íê?è?????é??á?ù3Dμ￡μ?ò??¨?°?e?￠ò???ò??°?ù′óê?μ?ר??òμ???￡
?ìê|?°òμ￡??íê???°′??ò??¨é??áμ?Dèòaoí±ê×?￡?′?êú???ˉ????aê?ò??à??è?μ??üá|oí?????·μ?μ?ò????°òμ?￡
ò??￠?ìê|?°òμμàμ?μ?ì?μ?
1.
ê|μ?òaê?òa?ó????×??￡
2.
ê|μ?DD?aòa3é?a???￡?￡
3.
ê|μ??úèY??óD?ì3DD??￡
?t?￠?ìê|?°òμμàμ?μ?1|?ü
l.μ÷?ú1|?ü?￡
4.
?ìóy1|?ü?￡
5.
·′ó31|?ü?￡
èy?￠?ìê|?°òμμàμ?μ?é??á×÷ó?
l.?ìê|μàμ?ê?ó°?ìéú2úá|·￠?1μ???é?á|á??￡
6.
ê|μ???é??á·?éDoí??é????÷?¨éèóD′ù??×÷ó??￡
7.
ê|μ?óD?úóú?à???ì?íé??á?÷ò?ò?′úD?è??￡
?ìê|?°òμμàμ?1?·?￡??ìê|?èòa′?êú?aê?￡?ó?òa?aè?ê|±í￡?′ó??2úéúá?ì??¨μ?DD?a1?·?oíμàμ?òa?ó￡o
1.
?×éí?ìóy￡??ê?aè?ìY
2.
ò?éí×÷?ò￡??aè?ê|±í
3.
èè°??éú￡???è?2???
4.
??í¨òμ???￠???2??á
5.
?￥?à??°?￠í??áD-×÷
???￠?ó???ìê|μàμ??¨éèμ???òaòaò?
1.
?ó??ê|μ??¨éè￡?óD?úóúìá???ìê|???ò￡?′ù???D￡μ???é????÷?¨éè?￡
2.
?ó??ê|μ??¨éè￡?óD?úóú?¤à?oí1??è?ìê|×????×éíè????ìóyê?òμ?￡
3.
?ó???ìê|?°òμμàμ??¨éè￡?óDà?óú?à??ò??μ?2???±?μ??ìê|?ó?é?￡?a??￡oμàμ??2ì??2??5￡o?ìê|?°òμμàμ?μ?àúê·?Y±?
μàμ??2ì??2??5
?ìê|?°òμμàμ?μ?àúê·?Y±?
ò??￠?ìê|?°òμμàμ?μ??e?′
?ú??1?ê±?úóéóúéú2úá|????μí??￡??ìóy2?·￠′?￡??D￡éD?′3???￡??ìóyê?°é??éú2úoíéú??1y3ì??DDμ?￡??′è????ù?Yéú′?×??è?Dμ?Dèòa??°?aê?￡??éò??μ￡??aê?è?àà?ìóyμ???òaê±?ú?￡??ê±￡???óDר?°μ??ìê|￡??ìóy1¤×÷ê?óéò?D?óD?D?é?￠óD?-?éμ?3¤??à′μ￡è?μ?￡?í?ê±ò2??óDר?°?éú￡??ìóy???óê?2????ú2?μ??ùíˉoí?àéù?ê￡?3?è??ìóy1¤×÷μ?3¤??μ??°?e￡??íê???′?éí?ìμ??ò????′?êú???2?￠2?ó??￠á÷á?μè·???μ?àí?ˉ???üoíéú2ú?-?é?￡óéóúè???μ±ê±?¨?ó?ú′?×ˉà?￡??ìóy?aê?±??a?ìêú1?·oμ??aê?￡?è??ú×ú?ìò?ê??￠?èμ?oí2???μ?ò?°????ˉ???ˉ?D?ò?àéù?ê′?êú?÷???aê?￡????D°üà¨?ò?????2?a±?2????ò±?ê?×?μ?àúê·?￠ó￠D?1êê??°?÷??′?í3oí·??×?°1?μè?￡?é??￡??aê±??óDò?D??ìóy???ˉ?Dμ?′??3μ?DD?a?°1?oí?ü?êμ?ê|μ?òaê??￡?ùò??μ￡??aò?ê±?úê?ê|μ?2úéúμ??è???￠ê±?ú?￡
??×???×?μ?3???￡??aê?3????ìóyoí?D￡?￡?ú??μ?￡??a?àéù?êéèá￠á?2?í?ààDíμ??D￡￡?è????ˉ?D￡?￠?ù?ò?D￡?￠ì?2ù?D￡￡?ò??°?°°￡?￥±è?±í?μè?￡1??a?°??êà?í￡???μ?μ??ü??ò???T?t??à-?￠????à-μ×?￠°?à-í?oí??à?ê??àμ?·￠±íá?óD1??ìóyD?àí??￠?×àí?oí?ì?·¨μ?ê×?ú??×÷￡?ò2ê??ú??μ?￡?1ú?ò?aê????ìóy?ú11??DD?à???￡??μ?é??á?1òa?ó?ìê|ê×?èêμ?ù￡?±??í????ót?a?°1?′ú×??°′óμ??????ò?±??à?ê??àμ??ùìá
3?μ?1??￡à°??′ó?àμ?(????￡?1??y?￠ó??ò?￠?ú??)?￡?ú?T?í￡??÷è??Tê??ìóy?ú11????￡????÷?????éú??DDè????ìóy￡??′??êó??μ??￠???￠ì?μè·????ìóyμ??áo?￡???òa?ó?ìê|2???òaóDê|μ?DT??￡????òòa?ó?ìê|ó???oíμ?ó??????éú??DD?ì??￡
?áóú?ò1ú￡????ú??á￥??ê±?ú?í?¨á￠á?1ù?￡?μ?±è???ò?a￡????òóD?°?t?ìo?ò??±?￠?°1ùê|o?ò??±μ?D??ê?￡′o??ê±?ú?D1úé??á′|óú′ó?ˉμ′′ó±???ê±′ú￡?éú2ú1??μ?±??±??ˉ￡??÷????éó|????éú￡??÷?é???·×·×??í??2?￡?D?′?×??oμ??t???????￠?ê?1?μ?￡?D?3é°ù?ò?ù?ùμ??????￡?ìóyê·é???óD??ê±′úòaò?μ????óé′?D??e?￡?ú???D?3éμ?1y3ì?D￡?ר?°?ìê|?aê?3???￡??aê±2????y2úéú?ìê|?°òμμàμ??￡
?t?￠??á￥é??áμ??ìê|?°òμμàμ?
°′?×1???????￡??ò1ú???ú??3ˉò???è???á￥é??á￡??aê±2???óDá???×?￡????òóDá??D￡￡?μ??÷?üê±?ú?13???á??°1ú??±?￠?°????±?°?°????±￡?′ó′??aê?á?è?ààé??áμ????÷ê·?￡
?è??ê±?úê??ò1ú???ˉ·±èùê±′ú￡??ú???ˉáìóòòà3???á??°°ù?ò?ù?ù?±μ?D??????￡?a??D?ê???￡?3???á?ò?′ó?ú?°???ó??μ??ê??±￡?????D?3éò????aê?·?×ó?×2?￡?è?êyoü?à￡?óD????μ?é??áμ???￡?????ê??÷?×???÷?×2?μ?′ú±í?￡?aD?è??D×?????μ?′ú±íê×í??×?e￡??????￠ó????￠????μèò??ú?????ò?￠?ìóy?ò￡??????ú?a°ì?°×?óé?2×ù?±?￠′′°ì?°????±μè?ì????ˉ?D￡???ê|μ?àí????DDá???ê??￡?×?eò?éú′óê??ìóyê?òμ￡??Dê??éú°ì???￡??úê|μ??ìóy?D￡?óDò??μáDμ??ìóy?-?ò￡o?úμàμ??ìóyì??èé?￡???òa?ó?ìê|òaóD?°???2??á￡???è?2????±μ?á?o??·μ?￡??°·￠·?
??????ê|μ?ò2óD?D??￡?2￠óD·á???-?é?￡?ú?×?eò??ù￡???±?è?ò?éúèèD??ìóy1¤×÷￡?è??a?°μ?ìì??ó￠2????ìóy???±ê?è?éú?Dò?′óà?ê??￡?úμàμ?DT??·?·¨é?￡????÷???ìê|ó|????òa?óêü?ìóy??￡??á3???±ê×?￡??ìê|òa2éè???·￠ó?μ?μ?·?·¨à′?ìóy￡??°?y×óDD??2?·￠￡???è?ò2￡??Dμà??á￠￡??ü??′ó???￡?±?°?y×óé??ì??ò?μà￡?1ê??×?μ???ò2?￡?±??ò2òa?ó?ìê|±?è?ò?éí×÷?ò￡?ò?éíê?·?￡?×÷3?±í?ê￡??°?í??ò??o????￡?ê1è??????±￡?±?D??yò?è?oó2??ü?yè?￡??ìê|±?è??μμ??ùóDμààí￡?×??o2?è￥×?￡???μ??μ·t?ìóyò2?í??óDá|á??￡ó???1?óúê|μ?μ??aD?àí??￡??ú?ò????ììμ?ê|μ??ìóy?Dò2ê??μμ??è??oí?3è?μ??￡
?úμàμ?DT??é?￡?????òa?ó?ìê|?úμàμ?DT??é??á3???á|￡?è??y??à?μ?ìá??￡??°?yíá3éé?￡?·?óêD??é￡??y??3é?¨￡?ò?áúéú?é￡??yé?3éμ?￡???é??÷×?μ?￡?ê￥D?±??é?￡?±???1ì?±e??μ÷ê|μ?DT??μ?êμ?ù×÷ó?￡??°2???
2?è?????￡?????2?è?????￡?????2?è??a??￡??a??2?è?DD??￡???áDD?????1òó?￡?±?aD?μàμ?????ò??-èúè??ò????×?μ?μàμ?±|?aoí??×???é??D￡?óà??2?Dà?￡
?è??ê±?úê??D1ú???ˉ?ìóyμ??a′′ê±?ú￡??è????×óμ?μàμ???μ?a?D1úμàμ?μ?·￠?1μì?¨á?D?o?μ??ù′?￡?oóà′μ????ˉ?ìóy?￠μàμ?àí?????D°üà¨ê|μ?àí??￡?′ó???éò?′ó?è???òμ??ù???￡
èy?￠·a?¨é??áμ??ìê|?°òμμàμ?
ì?3ˉê??ò1ú·a?¨???ˉ?ìóyμ??|ê￠ê±?ú￡??D￡ò??àμ±íê±?￡?′?μ?á????°μ?μ?2yê￠￡??óé?ì?′úàú′ú?y?÷??ê?·????ì???￡?×eê|??μà￡?ê|μ?μ?μ?á????°μ?·￠?1?￡ì?′ú′ó?????òo?óú2???ìá3??°ê|??￡??ùò?′?μàêúòμ?a?óò2?￡?±?ú???′à′￡??ìê|ê?′?êúμààí?￠?ìêú?éú?￠?aêíòé?êμ?è?￡????ò?1ìá3??°ê?1êμü×ó2?±?2?è?ê|￡?ê|2?±??íóúμü×ó?￡?±òa?ó?ìê|?à???éú3???D?μ?ì??ê￡?μ±?à3?óúà???ê¤óúà?ê±?e?μ?ê?éú￡?òa?ê?aè?ìY?￡?aD???ê|μ?μ????a￡?ê??μμ??ò??oüo??üè?μ??￡
????μ??ìì??￠?÷3ˉμ?í?ê?èê?￠??3ˉμ?????μèè?￡???ê|μ?DT????ìá3?óúoüóD??μ??￠oü?μμ??üè?μ?1?μ?oí?÷???￡
èy?￠?ü′úé??áμ??ìê|?°òμμàμ?
′ó1840?ê???????ùμ?1919?ê???????ˉ￡?ê??D1ú?ü′ú×ê2ú?×?????÷?÷ò????üê±?ú￡????????ùò?oó￡?μ?1ú?÷ò?áD??μ?è???￡????ú·′·a?¨?￠·′????μ??·?ù￡?2??ü2??ú?t???????￠???ˉ?ìóyáìóò2úéúé??ìμ?ó°?ì?￡?úé??á?ˉμ′μ?1y3ì?D￡??e?￥′ó·a?¨ê?′ó·ò?×2?·??ˉ3?ò?D?óDê?μ??a?÷??íá￡?????òa?ó????±×?t￡?μ??1????￡?óù?êí????￡????·′??????￠oo
???êè?Tó??￠o?1?±????￠éá±??e??μ??·?￡??÷???ê?ó|?a?t??·t??￡??°?-êà??ó??±￡??a??êμ?ê?êìa?￡??????ê?′ó·ò?×2?μ?μàμ??é??￡?íáá?·???è???μ???×′é??aí′oT?￡?????ú?D?éμ??ù3￡???ì￡?ìá3?D?μ?àí??????￡??a?????°òμμàμ?μ?·￠?1?eá?ò??¨μ?í??ˉ×÷ó??￡
?ò1ú?????ìóy?ò2ì?a?à￡?ò2???a??êó?ìóy1¤×÷￡????ìê|?°òμ??óè???è?à??￡????μ￡o?°D???ì?±?úé??áé?μ????Z×???òa￡????eè?±è′ó×üí3?1′óD??±￡??aμ￡?o′???è?￡???òa?ó?ìê|μ?DD?aoí?·?ê3é?a?éúμ????￡?￡ò?′?????ê|·?éú?Y?2ê±???μ1y￡o?°ê2?′ê?ê|·??·??íê??￡·?￡??aè?μ?°??ù?￡?±??2???òa?ó?ìê|?aè?ê|±í￡????ò??±?è?×÷?a?D1ú?ü3?μ??????ò?￠?ìóy?ò￡?ò2ê±ê±′|′|×÷3?±í?ê￡??aoóêàê÷á￠á?1a??μ?ê|μ?D??ó?￡